Martin Luther

Sep

2020

Work is essential

by David Sellnow

When the COVID-19 pandemic began, state governors issued orders identifying essential workers whose labors were needed for community health and sustenance and safety. As pandemic conditions have persisted, we’ve come to see how work is essential for everyone. Those who’ve been forced into unemployment are painfully aware of how much their work mattered, especially as extended unemployment benefits ran out.

Even in Eden, work was provided for Adam and Eve. We may sometimes think of work as a necessary evil, but meaningful labor is actually an ongoing good that God intended for us in this world. Being on a perpetual vacation with nothing to do would not be paradise. Vacations provide needed respite from overwork. A weekly day of rest (sabbath) is a divinely designed time to withdraw from busyness and renew our spirits in communion with our Creator. But work itself is a vital part of our human experience. Anyone who has ever lost a job and been out of work knows what a blow to personal identity and security and hope it is.

Work is God’s way of providing for our needs in daily life, as well as the needs of our neighbors and communities. Studies have found that job loss and insecure employment have damaging effects on individuals’ emotional well-being and overall health. A 2009 study found that “unemployed workers died more than a year earlier than average” (Houston Chronicle, 2/1/2019). As to community wellness, a study published in 2001 in The Journal of Law and Economics found that “a substantial portion of the decline in property crime rates during the 1990s [was] attributable to the decline in the unemployment rate.” When work is unstable, our own health and the stablility of whole communities is threatened. .

All work that has a beneficial purpose is godly work. A devoted church worker, Martin Luther, labored hard to teach this truth about work outside of church. In his era, clergy persons were held to be somehow holier than ordinary people simply by virtue of the religious positions they occupied. Luther reshaped the outlook on vocation or “calling,” assigning honor to all community members who were doing good work for their neighbors.

In his address To the Christian Nobility in the German lands (1520), Martin Luther wrote: “A cobbler, a smith, a peasant—each has the work and office of his trade, and yet they are all alike consecrated priests and bishops. Further, everyone must benefit and serve every other by means of his own work or office so that in this way many kinds of work may be done for the bodily and spiritual welfare of the community, just as all the members of the body serve one another.” Luther also has been quoted saying, “Every occupation has its own honor before God. Ordinary work is a divine vocation or calling. In our daily work, no matter how important or mundane, we serve God by serving the neighbor and we also participate in God’s ongoing providence for the human race.” Marc Kolden, writing in the Lutheran Journal of Ethics (2001), emphasized that Luther’s thought wasn’t so much about what formal occupation you might have. Any and every role in which you labor for others–even “the most mundane stations” and lowest tasks–”are places in which Christians ought to live out their faith” and help others by their efforts. In his writing On the Estate of Marriage (1522), for instance, Luther highlighted the noble duty of a parent changing diapers as an act of faith and love and service.

As COVID-19 began to ravage the United States, healthcare workers were hailed by members of their communities, from the banging of pots and pans each evening at 7:00pm in New York to residents going outside and howling at 8:00pm each night in Colorado. This was welcomed as recognition of essential efforts. I pray that through this present crisis, we learn to applaud work and workers in all sorts of needed roles, and also respect and remunerate workers appropriately for what they do to hold our communities together. Many of those considered “essential workers” under governors’ orders are in positions that are paid minimum wage or not much more. In my state, someone working full-time at minimum wage must spend roughly half their income to afford a one-bedroom apartment. They’d spend quite a bit more than half their income on rent in a metro area. According to government-defined standards, households that spend more than 30% of their income on rent are defined as “cost-burdened” and qualify for public assistance. Those spending more than 50% of their income on rent are “severely cost-burdened.” Something does seem amiss when persons doing work that we consider essential to community life have a hard time making ends meet as residents in the community.

So, as we observe Labor Day, let us pray:

with deep thanks for our own employment if we continue to have employment;
with passionate concern for all who are facing unemployment or reduced employment and income;
for generous gifts to churches and charities who work with persons in need;
for strength and hope and help if we ourselves are financially burdened and at risk;
for recognition of all workers’ worth and the value of others’ work on our behalf;
for a willingness to share in supporting one another as neighbors in society;
for wise leadership in our nation and world to guide economies through difficult challenges;
for personal commitment to do all forms of labor and service as acts of faith in answer to our calling as Christ’s people.

“Each of you should use whatever gift you have received to serve others, as faithful stewards of God’s grace in its various forms“ (1 Peter 4:10).

“Brothers and sisters, never tire of doing what is good” (2 Thessalonians 3:13).

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Scriptures taken from the Holy Bible, New International Version®, NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.™ Used by permission of Zondervan. All rights reserved worldwide. www.zondervan.com The “NIV” and “New International Version” are trademarks registered in the United States Patent and Trademark Office by Biblica, Inc.™

Dec

2019

Escaping the prison of guilt

Originally published on The Electric Gospel on October 30, 2015. On October 31 each year, Protestants recall the anniversary of the Reformation – a movement that began in 1517 to reclaim the life and joy and hope of the gospel within the church. Students in a history course I taught read a biography of Martin Luther, which highlighted not only his personal history but the main themes of the Reformation movement. The following student writing was an essay from a student reflecting on Luther’s experience … and her own.

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Brought to life by the gospel

by Grace Williams

“I do not set aside the grace of God, for if righteousness could be gained through the law, Christ died for nothing!” ~ Galatians 2:21

Could you imagine living in a world where everything was up to you? As Christians, we know full well that God has already done everything for us to secure our salvation. But what if this truth was not set in stone? If achieving eternal life was based even in the slightest on our adherence to the law, the Bible spells out a very terrifying message: All persons have sinned and fall short of the glory of God. If this is true, how then could we possibly do anything to make ourselves pure in God’s eyes?

This is the question that tormented Martin Luther’s each and every waking moment during the years before he nailed up his famous 95 Theses. Luther had been raised under the law-driven doctrine of the medieval Roman Church, and his spiritual state fully exemplified the dangers of excluding the gospel in one’s worship life. He was constantly surrounded by church officials ordering him to repent of his sins, and tearful confessions were a daily ordeal. Every time Luther committed even the “smallest” of sins, he would be overcome with grief and shame and go running to a priest to beg for assurance of forgiveness. Often, he would even physically punish himself or go days without eating, in order to show penance for what he had done, in hopes that God would have mercy on his soul. The worst part of it all–the pain, the torment, and the utter humiliation–was that he never knew if the measures he was taking were enough.

Most of us can’t even imagine living in a state of constant fear that our repentance isn’t enough. While many may find it next to impossible to relate to Martin Luther, I have witnessed firsthand how powerful of a prison penance can be–and how the gospel changes everything!

When I was very little, I had severe Tourettes and OCD (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder). Today it has toned down quite a bit, and I have learned to cope with it and accept it as part of who I am. It is just one of the many blessings God has given me to make me unique. But I did not always see it this way. In fact, it used to make my life a bit miserable. Part of having OCD and Tourettes is that your mind is miswired to fixate itself on things that bother your conscience. For instance, if you are brought up taught that “stupid” (for a mild example) is a bad word, you will be more inclined to have that word inadvertently cross your mind. You can imagine as a Christian how fixated you could become on the bad sins you had committed! I used to go through periods of time where I was so overcome by sins that I could not get out of my head that I was literally praying nonstop throughout the entire day. (And I assure you, this is, sadly, no exaggeration!) Some nights I would stay up hours on end, asking God why I was so sinful and begging that he would forgive me for all the terrible things I had committed that day. I knew that Jesus had saved me … but I had also been taught that we should repent of all of our sins, and I was completely overwhelmed! Finally, one night, I broke down in front of my parents. That is when God swooped in with his life-saving gospel!

Looking back on it, I realize now how foolish it was for me to doubt God’s forgiveness and mercy. For a long time I wondered how God could possibly use that chapter of my life for my good–aside from me having A LOT of one-on-one time with him in the early hours of the morning. It wasn’t until recently that I realized why he allowed me to carry that cross for so long. Thanks to my experiences, I can relate to those who are burdened down by sin, and I can offer them the reassurance that God’s love covers over even a multitude of sins. I understand better than ever how the law, without gospel, is meaningless! Without gospel, we are slaves to sin and penance. We cannot earn our way into Gods arms, nor can we atone for the good we have failed to do. The gospel is truly the life-giving message that people so desperately need to hear! That is why Luther’s work and the Reformation are so vital to Lutherans today. God help us never to lose sight of the gospel, so that in confident faith we may proudly proclaim, “That no one is justified by the law before God is evident; for, the righteous person shall live by faith” (Galatians 3:11).

The law is a prison … but the gospel is the power of God for salvation, to everyone who believes!

Dec

2019

God hears your prayers — even those that aren’t expressed in words

Originally published on The Electric Gospel on March 31, 2016

Sometimes in classes I taught, a little assignment that expects a brief response (such as an online discussion) yielded deep and thoughtful responses from some persons. The thoughts shared below happened like that. Lizzie Kogler offered some heartfelt musings about the prayers of our hearts.

Thoughts concerning prayer

by Lizzie Kogler

Think back to a time when everything in your life seemed to be going completely wrong. You lay awake at night thinking about how full your plate was, but how empty your stomach was, or about how many duties and obligations you had, but how little energy you had. When there was nowhere left to turn, did you close your eyes and pray?

For me, this is the kind of pray-er I have become. I have become someone who keeps trudging through the muddy streets of life, gradually slowing down, until I fall face-first into the stinky goo. Then and only then are my prayers passionate, a pleading cry for help.

Do you ever fall into this same trap of holding out until prayer is your last resort? It’s not like I think that God isn’t powerful enough or present enough to save me. It is more my sinful nature of wanting to think that I by myself am enough to get through life. And then, time and time again, I fall down on my knees looking upwards toward the cross, still stained in red.

So this leads me to a question concerning prayer.

In the Large Catechism, Martin Luther wrote, “Let people learn to value prayer as something great and precious and to make a proper distinction between babbling and praying for something.” I don’t disagree with Luther … but I also wonder. Are there ever times that our babbling (or what might seem like babbling) indeed is prayer?

Certainly there is a difference between mere babbling and true prayer. According to the Oxford Dictionary of English, “Babbling is talking rapidly and continuously in a foolish, excited, or incomprehensible way” … whereas prayer was defined by Jesus this way: “When you pray, do not be like the hypocrites, for they love to pray standing in the synagogues and on the street corners to be seen by others … But when you pray, go into your room, close the door and pray to your Father, who is unseen … And when you pray, do not keep on babbling like pagans, for they think they will be heard because of their many words, for your Father knows what you need before you ask him” (Matthew 6:5-8).

Are there times where we are foolish, excited, or hard to understand? Absolutely, we are human. But this does not mean that we should not come to the Lord in prayer, for fear of the sin of babbling. Jesus encourages us to cast all our anxieties on him, because he cares for us (cf. 1 Peter 5:7). This means coming to Jesus with an open heart, ready to hear his forgiveness, peace, and comfort.

I will admit that sometimes I am afraid to pray. I am not worried about whether God is going to give me or not give me what I am asking for. I do not feel nervous about his plan for my life. It is more that I feel guilty for not praying as much as I could or should. But then I remind myself that God is gracious and hears my prayers. He hears your prayers too – even those that aren’t fully or perfectly formed into clear words.

Passages for prayerful encouragement:

In my distress I called to the Lord; I cried to my God for help. From his temple he heard my voice; my cry came before him, into his ears.
Psalm 18:6

But when you ask, you must believe and not doubt, because the one who doubts is like a wave of the sea, blown and tossed by the wind.
James 1:6

Let us then approach God’s throne of grace with confidence, so that we may receive mercy and find grace to help us in our time of need.
Hebrews 4:16

The Spirit helps us in our weakness. We do not know what we ought to pray for, but the Spirit himself intercedes for us with groans that words cannot express.
Romans 8:26

Dec

2019

A word to your conscience

Originally published on The Electric Gospel on October 7, 2015. Students in my Modern West college course had read a biography of Martin Luther, which highlighted not only his personal history but the main themes of the Reformation movement. This student essay captured an important point about a Christian’s conscience.

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The Committed Conscience

by Monica Rehberger

In many respects, Martin Luther was like any other man in 16th century. He was raised as a peasant, had a fairly common education, and held to the Roman Catholic faith. But Martin Luther was driven by a very active conscience: sensitive, guilty, and always accusing. He could not silence the continuous reminder that God was the wrathful judge, and he the sinner that could never make amends. However, Luther’s active conscience guided his words and actions throughout his whole life.

Once Martin Luther left law studies to become a monk, he sought to quiet his dark thoughts with a rigorous life of hardship, including physically punishing himself. But it was to no avail; he still realized that the thoughts which came every second tainted his soul with sin. Confession only reinforced this idea for Luther. While he was in the very act of repenting, he would remember another sin or have a wayward thought, demanding more confession and penance. The vicious cycle would occur over and over again within Luther’s conscience, compounding desperation and despair, until he was filled with doubt and hatred for God. Even into his teaching years, Luther suffered from heavy self-accusation.

However, once Martin Luther realized the true grace of God—as a result of study in the Word of God—his conscience was set free. He now knew that God did not expect atonement of sins to come from people themselves; rather it was a full and free gift, paid for by Christ’s life, death, and resurrection. Because Luther’s mind was now released by that good news, he wished to help others with their burden of sin, primarily as a pastor caring for his flock. Luther did this in several ways. He told monks not strive for complete purity, because they would never achieve it and were focusing only on themselves. He comforted dying Christians that, despite their many sins, God would not abandon them, but would bring them home to heaven. He also encouraged all to take comfort and joy in one another when they were assailed with doubt and fear. In all these ways, Luther looked out for the peoples’ consciences throughout his pastoral ministry.

Martin Luther also addressed issues of the conscience as a theologian. After all, at the Diet of Worms his pinnacle “famous” moment was when he publicly and directly stated the relationship between his will and Scripture: “My conscience is captive to the Word of God—then I cannot and will not recant, because it is neither safe nor wise to act against conscience.” Earlier than this, Luther had also written a book, On the Freedom of a Christian, in which he explained practical applications for a Christian’s life. Each person could do what they wished, in keeping with God’s Word, without their conscience being bound to a certain practice or ideal – but at the same time were conscience-bound to act in love toward their neighbors, sharing the love of Christ. Later during the Heidelberg Disputation, Luther highlighted the idea that every person’s natural will is completely tainted by sin; if one’s mind is saying that he is doing right for himself, then he is in the wrong and just adding sin to more sin. Only through grace can one do good works.

Each person’s conscience is a gift from God, a form of the natural law written on the heart. Martin Luther had a conscience that drove him to seek the truth in Scripture, and then share that with others, whether by preaching, teaching, writing, or singing. Luther described the conscience as being of utmost importance in a life of faith. It is this that Satan most fiercely attacks, but amidst this struggle of faith one always may look to Christ for forgiveness. This was Luther’s comfort in life, and is the comfort that believers today can use in soothing their troubled minds. God has completely wiped away all of our sins. Because of grace in Jesus, we live now with unburdened consciences, and we will live forever in freedom in his presence.

Brought to life by the gospel

Thoughts concerning prayer

The Committed Conscience

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